Unit 9: Temperature and Internal Energy

cooling curve

Internal Energy

• total energy of the particles in a solid vibrate about fixed positions and are held together by strong interatomic or intermolecular bonds.
• comprises two components-kinetic energy and pontential energy

Unit 7

PROPERTIES OF MATTER
Solid

• Has fixed shape
• closely packed
• Incompressible
• High Density

Liquid

• less orderly
• high density
• incompressible

Gas

• far apart (many empty spaces btw the particle)
• low density
• compressible (takes the shape of a container)

Unit 8

Conduction

• transfer of energy through matter from particle to particle
• distribution of heat energy from atom to atom
• most effective in solids.

Convection

• occurs only in liquids and gases
• transfer of heat by the actual movement

Radiation

• does not require a medium for energy tranfer
• Sunlight is a form of radiation that is radiated through space to our planet

physics convection current liquid

Changes of states of matter

Polar ice caps melting at rate never before seen

Brownian motion